Well, not just dice.... but I had a couple of interesting variants off of the Silverton Express thought that would work well toward city building.  I had an idea for a game called Sprawl which is similar, but not exact, to the BGG entry.  Anyhow, elements from that design lend themselves to a dice based theme.  The old RCI indicator in the video game works well to cap and allow zones to be built.  If you abstract a city away into "neighborhoods" and "unannexed land", the game becomes much more manageable, similar to how PocketCiv deals with things.

I'll have to doodle some this weekend, but it's an interesting direction at the moment